300 South Westnedge Avenue
Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007
Tel: (269)385-0435 Fax:
(269)343-3308
Email: earle@upjohn.org
Website: www.upjohn.org/staff/earle.html
Papers: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=32789
Education
Oberlin College and Conservatory. B.A. (1980) in Economics, B.Mus. (1980) in Piano Performance. Five-year double-degree program completed in
four years.
Stanford University. M.A. (1986) and Ph.D. (1988) in Economics. Fields: Labor Economics, Public Finance,
Economic History. Advisors: John Pencavel, Tom MaCurdy, Steven Durlauf. Dissertation:
“Empirical Studies of Cyclical Labor Market Fluctuations.”
Academic
Honors
·
National Merit
Scholar
·
Phi Beta Kappa
(Academic Honors Society)
·
Pi Kappa Lambda
(Musical Honors Society)
·
Stanford
University Graduate Fellowship
·
National Science
Foundation Graduate Fellowship
·
Distinction awards
on PhD comprehensive examinations
·
Georges Lurcy
Research Fellowship (at Brookings)
·
Fulbright Scholar
(in Vienna)
·
Egyetemi Tanar
(Honorary Professorship awarded by the President of Hungary)
Current Positions
Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. Senior
Economist (since 2001).
Central European University. Professor of
Economics (since 2000); Associate Professor (1995-2000); Assistant Professor
(1991-95). Academic Director of the
Economics Department and M.A. Program (1993-95). Director of the Labor Project (since 1994). Director of the PhD Program in Economics
(2003-06).
Previous Positions and Other Affiliations
·
Stanford University, Department of Economics. Visiting
Associate Professor of Economics (winter 1995-96, winter and spring 1996-97,
winter 1997-98 and 1998-99, spring 1999-2000, and fall 2000-2001). Acting Assistant Professor of Economics
(1990-91 academic year, winter and spring 1991-92, spring 1993-94). Acting Instructor (fall 1987).
·
Stanford University, Institute for International
Studies. Research Associate (1995-97).
·
Stockholm Institute for Transition Economics (SITE) and Department
of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics. Associate Professor of Economics (1997-2001).
·
Journal of Comparative Economics. Member of the
Editorial Board (2003-2006).
·
Economics Education and Research Consortium at National University Kiev-Mohyla Academy
(Ukraine). Member of the International
Advisory Board (since 2003).
·
Center for Labor Market Studies, Higher School of
Economics, Moscow. Member of Board of Directors (since 2001).
·
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). Research
Fellow (since 1999).
·
Economics Education and Research Consortium (Russia).
Member of the Working Group on Household Behavior and Labor Markets
(since 1997).
·
Central European University, International Summer Course on Labor Markets and the
Applied Microeconomics of Transition.
Course Director (1996-98).
·
William Davidson Institute, University of Michigan. Research Associate (since 1996).
·
Columbia University, Department of Economics. Visiting
Scholar (1993).
·
University of Vienna. Visiting Professor of Labor
Economics (1991).
· Institute for
Advanced Studies (Vienna). Visiting Research Fellow (1991).
Other Policy and Research Experience
·
World Bank. Projects on:
productivity growth in Europe and Central Asia (2006-);
capacity-building in economics research and education (2005); job creation in
Eastern Europe (2004); firm demographics and productivity in Hungary and
Romania (2003-2004); Russian labor markets (2000-2002); Romanian productivity
and job reallocation (2000); Romanian privatization and firm performance
(2000); Russian ownership and corporate governance (1995-96); worker ownership
in Eastern Europe (1994-95); privatization in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and
Poland (1993); Romanian labor markets (1993).
·
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
(OECD). Unemployment and labor market policies
(1993), long-term unemployment and social assistance (1996), and social
policies (1996-99) in Romania; labor markets in Baltic States (2001).
·
US Agency for International Development.
Micro-enterprises in Romania (2000-01).
·
Comparative
Analysis of Enterprise Data, an
international network of prominent researchers using microdata. Member of the Executive Committee (since
2005); Chairman (since 2006).
·
Russian-European Centre for Economic Policy (RECEP). Senior Expert
(1999-2000).
·
Government of Romania. Economic Advisor to First
Deputy Prime Minister (1993-94).
·
Office of Prime Minister, Mongolia. Privatization Advisor to Prime Minister (1996-97).
·
Government of Moldova. Economic Advisor to the
Minister of Privatization (1996).
·
The Brookings Institution. Research
Fellow in Economic Studies (1986-87).
·
U.S. Geological Survey, Program Analysis Office. Research
assistant (1981 and 1982).
·
Council of Economic Advisers, Executive Office of the
President; Washington, D.C. Junior Staff Economist for Public Finance and
Labor Policy (1982-83).
· Congressional
Budget Office, Fiscal Analysis Division;
Washington, D.C. (1984).
1. “Ownership and Wages:
Estimating Public-Private and Foreign-Domestic Differentials with LEED
from Hungary, 1986-2003” (with A. Telegdy), NBER Working Paper No. 12997 and
forthcoming in Analysis of Firms and Employees - Qualitative and Quantitative
Approaches (F. Andersson, S. Bender, J. Lane, K. Shaw, and T. VonWachter,
eds.), NBER and University of Chicago, 2007. Working paper: http:/papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=960991
2. “Nonstandard
Forms and Measures of Employment and Unemployment in Transition: A Comparative Study of Estonia, Romania, and
Russia” (with D. Brown et al.), Comparative
Economic Studies, Vol. 48(3), 435-457, September 2006. Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=882058
3. “Information Technology, Organizational Form, and
Transition to the Market” (with U. Pagano and M. Lesi), Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, Vol. 60(4), 471-489,
August 2006. Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=321202
4. “Wages, Layoffs, and Privatization: Evidence from Ukraine” (with D. Brown and V.
Vakhitov), Journal of Comparative
Economics, Vol. 34(2), 272-294, June 2006. Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=886283
5. “Job Reallocation and
Productivity Growth in the Ukrainian Transition” (with D. Brown), Comparative Economic Studies, Vol. 48(2),
229-251, June 2006. Working paper
version preprinted (in English and Ukrainian), Labour Market Reforms and Economic Growth in Ukraine: Linkages and
Policies (I. Burakovsky and L. Handrich, eds.), Aachen: Shaker Verlag,
2006. Available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=590844
6.
“The Productivity Effects of Privatization:
Longitudinal Estimates from Hungary, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine” (with D.
Brown and Á. Telegdy), Journal of
Political Economy, Vol. 114(1), 61-99, February 2006. Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=827144
7.
“Developing Graduate Economics Education from
Scratch: The Case of the CEU,”
forthcoming in Scaling Up the Success of
Capacity Building in Economic Education and Research (B. Pleskovic, ed.),
World Bank, 2007.
8. “Nestandartnaya Zanyatost’ i Nestandartnaya
Bezrabotitsa v Perekhodnykh Ekonomikakh Raznogo Tipa” (with D. Brown et al.),
in Nestandartnaya Zanyatost’ v Rossiiskoi
Ekonomike (V. Gimpelson and R. Kapeliushnikov, eds.), Moskva: Vyshshaya
Shkola Ekonomiki, 281-340, 2006.
9. “What Makes Small Firms Grow? Finance, Human Capital,
Technical Assistance, and the Business Environment in Romania” (with D. Brown
and D. Lup), Economic Development and
Cultural Change, Vol. 54(1), 33-70, October 2005. Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=425421
10. “The Productivity Effects of Privatizing Manufacturing
Firms: Russia, Ukraine, Hungary, and Romania Compared” (with D. Brown and Á.
Telegdy), forthcoming (in Russian) in Competitiveness and Economic Modernization
in Russia, (Y. Yasin, ed.), Higher School of Economics: Moscow, 2005.
11. “The Wage Effects of Schooling under Socialism and in
Transition: Evidence from Romania,
1950-2000” (with D. Andren and D. Sapatoru), Journal of Comparative Economics,
Vol. 33(2), 300-323, June 2005.
Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=634083
12. “Ownership Concentration and Corporate Performance on
the Budapest Stock Exchange: Do Too Many
Cooks Spoil the Goulash?” (with C. Kucsera and Á. Telegdy), Corporate Governance: An International Review, Vol. 13(2),
254-264, March 2005. Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=425440
13. “Privatization,
Competition, and Budget Constraints: Disciplining Enterprises in Russia” (with
S. Estrin), Economics of Planning, Vol. 36(1), 1-22, 2003. Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=87113
14.
“The Reallocation of Workers and
Jobs in Russian Industry: New Evidence on Measures and Determinants” (with D.
Brown), Economics of Transition, Vol.
11(2), 221-252, June 2003. Working paper:
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID331067_code020924590.pdf?abstractid=331067
15.
“A Spoonful of Sugar: Privatization and Popular
Support for Reform in the Czech Republic” (with S. Gehlbach), Economics and Politics, Vol. 15(1),
1-32, March 2003. Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID315744_code020619560.pdf?abstractid=315744
16. “Privatization Methods and Productivity Effects in
Romanian Industrial Enterprises” (with A. Telegdy), Journal of Comparative Economics, Vol. 30(4), 657-682, December
2002. Working
paper available at
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID276516_code010730590.pdf?abstractid=276516
17. “How Late to Pay?
Understanding Wage Arrears in Russia” (with K. Sabirianova), Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 20(3),
661-707, July 2002. Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID162110_code99082047.pdf?abstractid=162110
18. “Corporate Control: A Study of Firms on the Bucharest
Stock Exchange” (with A. Telegdy, C. Kucsera, and V. Kaznovsky), East European Economics, Vol. 40(3),
6-27, May/June 2002.
19. “Gross Job Flows in Russian Industry Before and After
Reforms: Has Destruction Become More Creative?” (with D. Brown), Journal of Comparative Economics, Vol.
30(1), 96-133, March 2002. Working paper:
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID277509_code010724670.pdf?abstractid=277509
20. “Microeconometric Studies of Russian Labor Markets: An
Introduction to the Symposium” (with H. Lehmann), Journal of Comparative Economics, Vol. 30(1), 91-95, March 2002.
21. “Worker Training in a Restructuring Economy: Evidence
from the Russian Transition” (with M. Berger and K. Sabirianova), Research in Labor Economics, Vol. 20,
159-90 (Solomon W. Polachek, ed.), 2001. Working paper:
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID241470_code000929510.pdf?abstractid=241470
22. “Measuring Defense Conversion in Russian Industry”
(with I. Komarov), Defence and Peace
Economics, Vol. 12(2), 103-44, March/April 2001. Working paper: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/delivery.cfm/98090806.pdf?abstractid=122668
23. “Privatization and the Structure of Enterprise
Ownership” (with S. Estrin), in Russia’s
Post-Communist Economy (B. Granville and P. Oppenheimer, eds.), Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 2001. Working paper:
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/delivery.cfm/98051201.pdf?abstractid=87113
24. “Corporate Governance and Restructuring: The Limits of
Our Knowledge (Comments on the Paper by G. Roland)” in Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics 2000 (B.
Pleskovic and N. Stern, eds.), World Bank, 2001.
25. “Business Start-ups or Disguised Unemployment? Evidence on the Nature of Self-Employment
from Transition Economies” (with Z. Sakova), Labour Economics, Vol. 7(5), 575-601, September 2000. Working
paper:
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID248346_code001228140.pdf?abstractid=248346
26. “The Results of ‘Mass Privatization’ in Romania: A
First Empirical Study” (with A. Telegdy), Economics
of Transition, Vol. 6(2), 313-32, November 1998. Also published in Hungarian in Közgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review), April 1998, and in
Romanian in Sfera Politicii, May
1998.
27. “Workers’ Self-Management in Transitional Economies”
(with S. Estrin), in Advances in the
Economic Analysis of Participatory and Labor-Managed Firms, Vol. 6, 3-28,
1998.
28. “Long-term Unemployment, Social Assistance, and Labor
Market Policies in Romania” (with C. Pauna), Empirical Economics, Vol. 23(1-2), 203-35, 1998.
29. “Ownership Transformation, Economic Behavior, and
Political Attitudes in Russia” (with R. Rose), CISAC Working Paper, May 1996,
and published in Russian in EKO,
October 1996.
30. “Causes and Consequences of Privatization in Russia:
Economic Behavior and Political Attitudes in Russia” (with R. Rose), in Studies in Public Policy, 1996.
31. “The Incidence and Duration of Unemployment in Romania”
(with C. Pauna), European Economic Review,
Vol. 40(3-5), 829-37, 1996.
32. “Do East European Enterprises Provide Social
Protection? Employee Benefits and Labor
Market Behavior in the Transition,” in Stability
and Change in the Social Benefits of Enterprises in Transitional Economies
(M. Rein, B. Friedman, and A. Woergoetter, eds.), Cambridge University Press,
1996.
33. “Ownership Structures, Patterns of Control, and
Enterprise Behavior in Russia” (with L. Leshchenko and S. Estrin), in Enterprise Restructuring and Economic Policy
in Russia (S. Commander, Q. Fan, and M. Schaffer, eds.), Washington: World
Bank-Economic Development Institute, 1996.
34. “Employee Ownership in Transition” (with S. Estrin), in
Corporate Governance in Central Europe
and Russia (R. Frydman, C. Gray, and A. Rapaczynski, eds.), World Bank and
CEU Press, 1996.
35. “Alternative Ownership Forms: The Impact on
Restructuring” (with S. Estrin), in Economics
of Transition, Volume 3(1), 111-15, 1995.
36. “Remarks on the Analysis of Mismatch Unemployment in
the Czech and Slovak Republics” and “Report on Discussion of Regional
Unemployment and Sectoral Concentration,” in Unemployment in Central and Eastern Europe: The Regional Dimension,
Paris: OECD, 1995.
37. “Interpreting the Decline of ‘Output’ and the Prospects
for ‘Recovery’ in Eastern Europe,” in Output
Decline in Eastern Europe - Prospects for Recovery? (J. Gacs, R. Holzmann, and G. Winckler,
eds.), Kluwer Academic Press, 1995.
38. “Aggregate Labor Market Behavior in the Restructuring
of the Romanian Economy” (with G. Oprescu), in Unemployment, Restructuring, and the Labor Market (S. Commander and
F. Coricelli, eds.), Washington, D.C.: World Bank/Economic Development
Institute, 1995.
39. “Incentive Contracts, Corporate Governance, and
Privatization Funds in Romania” (with D. Sapatoru), Atlantic Economic Journal, Vol. 22(2), 61-79, June 1994. Also translated into Romanian and published
in Adevarul Economic, 1995.
40. “The Ambiguity of Privatization and the Paths of
Transition to a Private Property Regime” (with R. Frydman and A. Rapaczynski),
in Privatization in Eastern Europe: Is
the State Withering Away? (Frydman and Rapaczynski), CEU Press, 1994.
41. “Unemployment and Policies in Romania,” in Unemployment in Eastern Europe: Transient or
Persistent? (Tito Boeri, ed.), OECD, 1994.
Published in Romanian in Sfera
Politicii, 1994.
42. “Monopoly Power, Foreign Trade, and Price
Liberalization in Czechoslovakia” (with A. Woergoetter), in International Trade and Restructuring in
Eastern Europe (J. Gacs and G. Winckler, eds.), Springer Publishers,
Munich, 1993.
43. “Notes on Voucher Privatization Programs in Eastern
Europe” (with R. Frydman and A. Rapaczynski), in The New Europe: Evolving Economic and Financial Systems in East and
West (D. Fair and R. Raymond, eds.), Kluwer Academic Press, 1993.
44. “Privatization Policies in Eastern Europe: Diverse
Routes to a Market Economy” (with R. Frydman and A. Rapaczynski), in Privatization in the Transition to a Market
Economy (coedited with R. Frydman and A. Rapaczynski), Pinter Publishers
and St. Martin’s Press, 1993.
45. “Privatization in a Hypercentralized Economy: the Case
of Romania” (with D. Sapatoru), in Privatization
in the Transition to a Market Economy (J. Earle, R. Frydman, and A.
Rapaczynski, eds.), Pinter Publishers and St. Martin’s Press, 1993. Published in Romanian in Oekonomika, 1993.
46. “Voucher Privatization in Eastern Europe,” paper
presented to the Versailles Workshop on Voucher Privatization (Versailles,
France), June 1992. Published in
Romanian in Oekonomika, 1993. Also translated and distributed in Albanian,
Latvian, and Ukrainian.
47. “Hours of Work and Trade Unionism” (with J. Pencavel), Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 8(1),
Part 2, 150-74, January 1990.
48. “Inflation, Unemployment and the Reagan Administration”
(with T. Kniesner), Business Economics,
Vol. 19(5), 26-33, October 1984.
49. “Did Reaganomics Shift the Phillips Curve?” (with T.
Kniesner), Indian Economic Review,
Vol. 19(2), 235-40, 1984.
Recent Working Papers
“Unemployment
Duration and Misperceptions of Displaced Workers” (with S. Dendir). Working paper, 2005.
“The
Microeconomics of Creating Productive Jobs: A Synthesis of Firm-Level Studies
in Transition Economies” (with D. Brown). World Bank Policy Research Working
Paper WPS3886, April 2006, and background paper for Enhancing Job Opportunities: Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union,
World Bank, Washington, DC, 2005.
“Complementarity and Custom in Wage Contract
Violation” (with K. Sabirianova Peter), 2006. Available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=918262
“Does Privatization Hurt Workers?
Lessons from Comprehensive Manufacturing Firm Panel Data in Hungary, Romania,
Russia, and Ukraine” (with D. Brown
and Á. Telegdy), 2005. Available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=873450
“Does Privatization Raise Productivity? Evidence
from Comprehensive Panel Data on Manufacturing Firms in Hungary, Romania,
Russia, and Ukraine” (with D. Brown and Á.
Telegdy), 2004. Available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=634081
“Economic Reforms and Productivity-Enhancing Reallocation
in the Post-Soviet Transition” (with D.
Brown), 2004. Available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=493582
“Community
Norms and Organizational Practices: The
Legitimization of Wage Arrears in Russia, 1992-1999” (with A. Spicer and K. S.
Peter), 2003. Available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=480648
“Job
Reallocation and Productivity Growth Under Alternative Economic Systems and
Policies: Evidence from the Soviet
Transition” (with D. Brown), 2002. Available
at
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=358348
Published Books and Parts of Books
The Russian Labor Market: Moving from
Crisis to Recovery (Mansoora Rashid, ed.). Author
of “Understanding Employment:
Level, Composition, and Flows,” Chapter 1; and “Understanding Wages: Structure, Uncertainty, and Inequality,”
Chapter 2 (with K. Sabirianova), pp. 1-68.
Washington: World Bank, 2002.
Small Privatization: The Transformation
of Retail Trade and Consumer Services in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and
Poland (with R. Frydman, A.
Rapaczynski, and J. Turkewitz), CEU Press, London, 1994.
Privatization in the Transition to a
Market Economy: Studies of Preconditions and Policies in Eastern Europe (co-edited with R. Frydman and A. Rapaczynski), Pinter
Publishers and St. Martin’s Press, 1993.
Also published in Romanian.
The Privatization Process in Russia,
Ukraine, and the Baltic States (with
R. Frydman, A. Rapaczynski, et al.), CEU Press, 1993. Principal author of chapters on privatization
policies and ownership structure in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and
Ukraine. Also translated and published
in Polish, Romanian, Russian, Ukrainian.
The Privatization Process in Central
Europe (with R. Frydman, A.
Rapaczynski, et al.), CEU Press, 1993.
Principal author of chapters on privatization policies and ownership
structure in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Romania. Also translated and published in Polish,
Romanian, Russian, and Ukrainian.
Economic Report of the President, January 1983.
Coauthor of chapters on unemployment and capital formation.